Plasmids conferring resistance to extended-spectrum beta-lactamases including a rare IncN+IncR multireplicon carrying blaCTX-M-1 in Escherichia coli recovered from migrating barnacle geese (Branta leucopsis)

Background: Increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global threat and wild migratory birds may act as mediators of resistant bacteria across country borders. Our objective was to study extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) plasmid-encoded AmpC (pAmpC) producing Escherichia coli in barnacle geese using whole genome sequencing (WGS) identify plasmids harboring bla genes. Methods: Barnacle feces (n=200) were collected during fall 2017 spring 2018 from an urban area Helsinki, Finland. ESBL/AmpC-producing E. recovered nine samples (4.5%) isolates subjected WGS on both short- long-read sequencers, enabling hybrid assembly determination the genomic location bla genes. Results: A rare multireplicon IncN+IncR one isolate carrying blaCTX-M-1 addition aadA2b, lnu(F), qnrS1. Moreover, rarely detected IncY two found harbor multiple genes human-associated blaCTX-M-15. Poultry-associated blaCMY-2 identified widely distributed IncI1 IncK four different isolates. One harbored plasmid with flor. A chromosomal point mutation promoter analysis showed carried virulence replicons bla-carrying plasmids. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that serve limited source coli and disseminators epidemic types but also multidrug resistance. Human livestock-associated ESBL enzyme samples, suggesting potential for interspecies transmission. offers thorough method studying AMR sources should be implemented more future surveillance detection. Understanding epidemiology vital efforts mitigate spread.